Trading of Pollution Discharge Rights
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Markets for Pollution Allowances : What Are the ( New ) Lessons ?
A bout 45 years ago a few economists offered the novel idea of trading pollution rights as a way of meeting environmental goals. Such trading was touted as a more cost-effective alternative to traditional forms of regulation, such as specifi c technology requirements or performance standards. The principal form of trading in pollution rights is a cap-and-trade system, a system whose essential e...
متن کاملIncluding non-point sfources in a water quality trading permit program.
There has been overwhelming interest in addressing water quality issues through the use of economic instruments. Much of this attention has focused on the cost efficiencies offered by Transferable Discharge Permit (TDP) systems. Unfortunately, the attempts to start up permit markets which are able to exploit abatement cost differences between sources have not met with the success expected. Two ...
متن کاملA System of Emission Rights Auction With Revenue Plowback
This paper demonstrates that “grandfathering” of pollution rights may be inefficient when existing polluters enjoy market power or when there are increasing returns to abatement efforts. On the other hand an “auction and refund” approach, by effectively charging producers for the pollution they cause and refunding them in proportion to the value of their economic output levels, will result in g...
متن کاملWater Quality Trading Using Tradable Permit in Biodiversity of River and Assessment of Efficiency of Expense
Background & Aims of the Study: Due to one-way flow of water in rivers Guilan, pollution trade theory and the system of Ratio-Trade (TRS) and Streeter - Phelps equation has been used. This system, with a view of the river self- purification and how the distribution and transport of pollutants, determined Ratio-Trade system (TRS) between the units and using this method offers optimal pat...
متن کاملPoint-nonpoint Source Water Quality Trading: a Case Study in the Minnesota River Basin1
Contrary to the general trend of only a few actual trades occurring within point-nonpoint source water quality trading programs in the United States, two trading projects in the Minnesota River Basin, created under the provisions of National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permits, have generated five major trades and numerous smaller ones. In this paper, these two projects are d...
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تاریخ انتشار 2011